Air law
Rules of the air, airspace classification, minimum heights, licensing, documents, transponder and signals.
PPL(A) and LAPL(A) theory — 2026 syllabus
Private pilot theory: course and questions, without losing a year to it
The nine subjects rewritten and structured, 616 questions corrected and explained, and mock papers in the exact format of the French DGAC examination. On a computer, tablet or phone, with your progress tracked subject by subject.
Exam practice tool. This service is not an approved course of training: it issues no licence, rating or certificate, and replaces neither your training organisation (DTO or ATO), nor your instructor, nor the official documentation in force.
Subject 010 · Course
Air law
Every subject is a full course, rewritten and structured, illustrated with original diagrams.
- Semicircular rule: the cruising level is read from the magnetic track, not the heading.
- 000°–179°: odd + 500 ft levels · 180°–359°: even + 500 ft.
PPL(A) or LAPL(A): what are they?
Two European licences let you fly an aeroplane for leisure. The PPL(A) — Private Pilot Licence — is the full licence, recognised worldwide and open to every rating (night, instrument, mountain…). The LAPL(A) — Light Aircraft Pilot Licence — is a lighter version: shorter training, simpler medical, but limited to light aeroplanes, three passengers and European airspace.
What matters here: in France, the theoretical exam is the same for both. Same nine subjects, same written test; the choice between PPL(A) and LAPL(A) comes later, during flight training. Revising with this tool therefore prepares either one.
| LAPL(A) — light licence | PPL(A) — private licence | |
|---|---|---|
| Recognition | Europe (EASA) | Worldwide (ICAO) |
| Aeroplane | Light, 2,000 kg maximum | Per rating |
| Passengers | 3 maximum | Per aeroplane |
| Flight training | ≈ 30 hours | ≈ 45 hours |
| Medical | LAPL (lighter) | Class 2 |
| Ratings | Limited | Night, instrument, aerobatics… |
| Theoretical exam | Identical — this is what the site prepares | |
The nine subjects, in full
Each subject carries its course and its question bank. Nothing is held back for a higher tier: access opens everything.
Aircraft general knowledge
Airframe, piston engine, propeller, electrical and pitot-static systems, flight instruments.
Flight performance and planning
Mass and balance, take-off and landing distances, influencing factors, filing the flight plan.
Human performance
Flight physiology, hypoxia, vision and hearing, pilot health, memory, decision-making and stress.
Meteorology
Standard atmosphere, pressure and temperature, fronts, clouds, thunderstorms, local winds and visibility.
Navigation
Coordinates, time, direction and variation, units, ICAO 1:500 000 charts, dead reckoning.
Operational procedures
Required equipment, flight over water, oxygen, fuel carried, documents on board, alerting and search and rescue.
Principles of flight
Aerodynamic forces, control surfaces, stability, load factor, the stall, turning, ground effect.
Communications
ATS vocabulary, abbreviations, message priority, alphabet and numbers, call signs, phraseology.
Mock papers follow the real format
Since December 2023 there is no longer a single general examination: nine separate papers, each passed at 75 %. The mock papers reproduce those figures exactly — number of questions, duration, threshold per subject.
| Paper | Questions | Duration | Pass |
|---|---|---|---|
| 010 Air law | 20 | 30 min | 75 % |
| 020 Aircraft general knowledge | 12 | 18 min | 75 % |
| 030 Flight performance and planning | 12 | 18 min | 75 % |
| 040 Human performance | 12 | 18 min | 75 % |
| 050 Meteorology | 20 | 30 min | 75 % |
| 060 Navigation | 20 | 50 min | 75 % |
| 070 Operational procedures | 12 | 18 min | 75 % |
| 080 Principles of flight | 12 | 18 min | 75 % |
| 090 Communications | 8 | 12 min | 75 % |
| Full examination | 128 | 3 h 32 | — |
This is the French format. EASA sets the knowledge syllabus, not the examination arrangements: every national authority decides its own number of questions, durations and language.
Format matching the framework defined by the French DGAC (DSAC/PN notice of 3 October 2023, effective 4 December 2023): 9 papers, 128 questions, 75 % per paper.
Every regulatory chapter carries its sources
Regulations change, and an out-of-date revision aid rarely looks out of date. So each regulatory chapter shows the references it rests on — SERA, Part-FCL, Part-NCO, national orders — and states whether its wording has been checked word for word against the official text or is still awaiting that check.
The offer
€49
12-month access — one-off payment, no automatic renewal
- the nine subjects, course and questions;
- 616 corrected and explained questions;
- mock papers per subject and a timed full examination;
- progress synchronised across your devices;
- content updates for the whole access period.
Online payment is coming soon.
Create my accountA note on language
The interface and the nine subjects are available in English. ICAO radio phraseology is kept in English throughout. Subject 010 (air law) describes the French system and serves as a reference, not as preparation for another country's national exam. Any chapter not yet translated is shown in French and says so.
Frequently asked
Does this replace a flight school?
No, and it could not: theoretical training is delivered by a declared (DTO) or approved (ATO) organisation. This tool is for practice and revision alongside your training. It issues no certificate.
Are these the actual examination questions?
No. The official bank is not public, and copying it would be unlawful. Our questions are written from the syllabus and the regulatory texts, in the same format as the examination: four options, one correct, no negative marking.
Can I use it outside France?
Partly. The common core — principles of flight, meteorology, navigation, human performance — does not depend on the country. Chapters specific to France are flagged and can be excluded from the series with one setting. The exam format shown, however, remains the French one.
What happens after twelve months?
Access simply ends. There is no subscription, no automatic renewal and no recurring charge. Your progress is kept if you take out access again later.